In the process level measurement, the main use of two technologies, one is pulse wave technology, the other is Zhuanzhuan continuous wave technology. Commonly explained, the use of pulse wave technology is low-frequency, high-frequency radar level meter, the use of FM continuous wave technology is FM radar level meter, they have their own characteristics in the application. Then someone asked the question, in the measurement accuracy of the two technologies have a difference?There is no fundamental difference between pulse wave and FM continuous wave change technology in measurement accuracy, in the field of process level measurement, the measurement accuracy is generally around 0.1%FS, in this accuracy range, both are very easy to achieve, the specific instrument can achieve the accuracy depends on the antenna design, the quality of components, echo processing software and application cases. For example, level measurement in large petroleum product storage tanks requires very high measurement accuracy, and commonly used level gauges require an absolute accuracy of ±1mm. in order to achieve high accuracy, a large parabolic antenna or a flat plate antenna is required to build signals with better focusing performance. At the same time, it must include powerful computer processing capabilities and temperature and pressure compensation to achieve high accuracy.In terms of measurement resolution and bandwidth, in process level measurement applications, both pulsed wave and FM continuous wave technologies operate with an "envelope", the width of which is dependent on the bandwidth of the microwave level meter, with wider results leading to narrower envelopes, which improves the measurement resolution. Measurement resolution is one of several factors that affect the accuracy of a microwave level meter. Pulsed Microwave Level Meter Bandwidth Pulsed microwave level meters have carrier frequencies ranging from 5.8 GHZ to 26 GHZ, and the width of the pulse is important when resolving two adjacent echoes. As an example, a nanosecond pulse is equivalent to a length of 300mm. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish between two neighbouring echoes that are less than 300mm apart, and narrower pulse widths result in better measurement resolution. However, narrower pulses require the instrument to have a wider bandwidth for processing. High frequency pulses with shorter pulse widths result in higher measurement resolution and steeper envelope fronts and therefore higher accuracy.The bandwidth of an FM continuous wave level meter is the difference between the start and end frequencies of the scan. Unlike the pulsed wave method, the amplitude of the FM continuous wave is constant over the entire frequency range. The wider bandwidth produces a higher beat frequency for each response in the spectrum, which results in better measurement splitting and shorter pulse durations between pulses, and each spectral response is treated as an envelope in an FM continuous wave measurement application. In FM continuous wave applications, the FFT does not produce a single, discrete beat frequency for each tank echo, but rather produces a range of beat frequencies corresponding to the echo, which translates into a range of measurement uncertainties. Distance FM Continuous Wave Spectrum - Other Effects of Bandwidth and Measurement Split Rates on Accuracy Previously Explained:Both FM continuous wave and microwave level gauges in pulses use envelope curves for their measurements, and wider bandwidths result in better measurement resolution. As a result, narrower echoes have steeper rising edges, allowing for more accurate measurements. Other factors that affect measurement accuracy are signal-to-noise ratio and interference. The signal-to-noise ratio leads to higher measurement accuracy when interference effects can cause distortion of the true response curve and lead to inaccurate measurements. Antenna selection and mechanical arrangement are important factors in ensuring optimum accuracy.In summary, both pulse wave radar level meter or FM radar level meter, measurement accuracy does not have any difference, both are very precise instruments. In general, the quality of the instrument, according to the working conditions to make the correct selection is the most important factors affecting the accuracy of measurement.

In the chemicals, paints and coatings industry, accurate measurement of liquid raw materials is particularly important.With the progress of science and technology, radar level meter, as a kind of non-contact level measurement technology, is widely used in various liquid level measurement occasions because of its high precision and reliability. However, for coating preparation tanks with special properties, whether the radar level meter can be used for liquid level measurement needs our in-depth analysis and discussion.Coating preparation tanks typically contain liquids with characteristics such as high viscosity, prone to caking, containing suspended particles or air bubbles. These characteristics may have an impact on the measurement accuracy of the radar level gauge. For example, highly viscous liquids may cause the microwave signal to reflect poorly off the surface of the liquid, while suspended particles or air bubbles may cause the signal to scatter, thus affecting the measurement results. Radar level gauges usually use microwave pulse or frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) technology, which determines the level height based on the time difference or frequency change by transmitting microwave signals and receiving the signals reflected back from the liquid surface. The advantage of this technology is that it is not affected by the chemical nature of the medium, temperature, pressure and shape of the vessel, so it is suitable for liquid level measurement in a variety of complex environments.In order to assess the feasibility of radar level meter application in coating preparation tanks, we need to conduct a series of experiments and analysis. Firstly, the reflection characteristics of radar waves from different coating materials and liquids in different states can be observed through simulation tests under laboratory conditions. The measurement effect can be optimized by adjusting the parameters of the radar level meter, such as microwave frequency, transmit power and signal processing algorithm. Secondly, field tests on actual coating preparation tanks are also required, taking into account temperature fluctuations, agitation and other disturbances that may exist in the actual production environment. These tests should cover different operating conditions and level ranges to ensure that the radar level meter is able to provide accurate measurement data in real-world applications.In addition, to improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement, other types of sensors or measurement techniques, such as capacitive, ultrasonic or optical level meters, can be combined to achieve multi-technology integration and complementarity. By comparing the performance of different technologies in a particular application, a more comprehensive solution can be provided for level measurement in coated preparation tanks. Although the special nature of coated tanks brings challenges to level measurement, the application of radar level meters in level measurement of coated tanks is feasible through scientific experimental design, parameter optimization and multi-technology integration.

In the use of magnetic flap level meter will often encounter some complex working conditions, this time it is necessary to magnetic flap level meter manufacturers to make targeted improvements and enhance the production of the product in order to make it get good application. So today let's talk about manufacturers in the production should go to which process enhancement.1、Optimize the design of the product structure: improve the product structure design. Reduce the jointing surface of the product. Jointing surface is the product structure of dustproof and waterproof design is relatively weak, the production of most of the dust, water vapor and impurities are also through the jointing surface into the product inside, so the design of the jointing surface should be strictly controlled; in addition, in the manufacturing process, the tolerance must comply with the provisions, if the tolerance is too large products will exist in the gap, resulting in the entry of dust and water vapor, the tolerance is too small will make the contact parts overstress, resulting in the deformation of the product. If the tolerance is too large, there will be gaps in the product, which will cause dust and vapor to enter. In the manufacturing process, the tolerance should be in accordance with the provisions, not too large and too small.2, the sealing auxiliary technology to improve: because the product sealing auxiliary technology mainly has sealing ring, sealant, surplus fit, waterproof breathable membrane, welding and so on. Different sealing auxiliary materials on the sealing effect has an important impact on the existence of internal and external conduction gap channel, so in the use of sealing ring or sealant to start sealing, be sure to select the sealing auxiliary materials to meet the needs of the working conditions, the use of dust and moisture will be along the gap channel into the internal structure of the product, so the sealing auxiliary process should be used to carry out the reinforcement. In the use of seals or sealant process, the selection of sealing materials to meet the requirements of the working environment, in the selection, special attention should be paid to the sealing of auxiliary materials, such as working temperature, strength and other material properties, in the bolted place, but also pay special attention to the design of the product's external mounting screw holes, can not be directly connected to the internal structure of the product or with the product's internal holes connected to the product. This is due to the presence of magnetic flap level meter products inside and outside the gap channel, the use of dust and water vapor will be along the gap channel into the internal structure of the product, so in the development of the reinforcement, the need to improve the sealing of auxiliary technology according to the application of the differences in working conditions.Magnetic flap level meter manufacturers for the production of more severe conditions, in order to ensure that the level meter sealing effect is obvious, but also the use of glass sealing, and with the vacuum and nitrogen filling method for targeted improvement, improve the structural design of the improvement and sealing of auxiliary technology to improve the work of two aspects, so that the magnetic flip-flop level meter to achieve a higher level of protection.

Electromagnetic flowmeter application areasBecause of its unique advantages, electromagnetic flowmeter is widely used in chemical fiber, food, paper, sugar, mining and metallurgy, water supply and drainage, environmental protection, water conservancy, waterworks, iron and steel, petroleum, pharmaceuticals and other industrial fields, used to measure a variety of acid, alkali, salt solution, mud, pulp, pulp, pulp, coal water slurry, corn slurry, fiber slurry, grain slurry, milk of lime, sewage, cooling water, water supply and drainage, salt water, hydrogen peroxide, Beer, wort, various beverages, black liquid, green liquid and other conductive liquid media volume flow.1, electromagnetic flowmeter measurement essentially conductive liquid. Conductivity only refers to the liquid's ability to conduct electricity. The use of electromagnetic flowmeter can easily measure the minimum conductivity of 10vS/cm of liquid. Typically, electromagnetic flow meters can measure conductive water, wastewater, slurries, acids, alkalis, juices, pulp, etc. pH also plays an important role here. If the pH is less than 7, the application is acidic. The chemical compatibility of the liquid forms the basis for selecting the electrodes and lining materials for the flowmeter to suit the particular application, so that if the application is a conductive waveform, an electromagnetic flowmeter can be used with certainty. They are best suited for applications in slurries that cannot be measured by many other types of flow meters. In addition, electromagnetic flowmeters cannot be used to measure hydrocarbons and gases.2. The next important thing to know is the process parameters, including operating temperature, pressure and speed. Temperature is an important parameter to know, as the selection of the liner is based on this information. The liner of an electromagnetic flowmeter provides insulation and is resistant to erosion and abrasion. Depending on the rated temperature, a suitable liner is selected. For example, for operating temperatures up to 50 degrees Celsius, a hard rubber liner can be used, while for high temperature ratings up to 120 degrees Celsius, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) is recommended by engineering professional staff. Hard rubber, PTFE, neoprene, polyurethane, PFA, etc. are the types of linings available, and pressure ratings are required for flange scale selection. In order to properly size the flow meter, the velocity of the liquid, as well as the minimum and * flow rates, should also be mentioned. This accurately sized flow meter will provide the required accuracy and better results.3, the next topic to be asked is what output is needed for the flow meter. The more widely used industrial output is 4-20mA analog current output. 4-20mA output is proportional to the flow rate of the liquid, which can be further transmitted to the PLC for control, to know the amount of liquid, you can choose the digital output, i.e. pulse output. For example, the flow meter generates a pulse for every 5 liters of liquid flowing through the pipe. If the total number of pulses noted in a second is 10, then we can easily calculate the flow rate as (10 pulses) in x 5 liters) = 50 liters per second. This can be easily converted to scale engineering units such as m3/hr and gallons/min. Batching and metering applications often require pulses from the flow meter.4. Another major factor in selecting an accurate electromagnetic flowmeter is the power requirements. To power the meter in the field, it is necessary to check whether the power supply is available. If the application requires the meter to be installed in a remote area where there is a lack of electricity, the battery option is always available. Battery-powered electromagnetic flowmeters can easily meet the power requirements, and according to the manufacturer's specifications, the typical life of the battery is 5-10 years. If a power supply is available, either 24 VDC or 220V AC can be used, depending on the particular application.5, for some users, the cost is to choose the basic requirements of the flow meter, while for many users, the function is very important. Must know to pay for the flow meter to get the correct value of liquid flow measurement. For this reason, the selected flowmeter should have good correctness and reliability, so that people can get the price paid. Moreover, no one likes a flow meter that requires frequent maintenance. An electromagnetic flow meter contains no moving parts and requires very little maintenance. It can usually be used in any size line with high accuracy and no pressure loss. Keep in mind that for applications where accuracy is important (0.2%-05% range), it is safe to assume that an electromagnetic flowmeter will be used over other types of flowmeters.